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FAQ

Frequently Asked
Questions

Plain English answers to the questions developers ask us most. Can't find what you're looking for? Just ask.

Development Finance

What is development finance?

Development finance is a specialist short-term loan used to fund the construction, conversion or refurbishment of property. Unlike a mortgage, funds are released in stages as construction progresses, and the loan is repaid when you sell or refinance the completed units.

How much can I borrow?

Typically 60–70% of the Gross Development Value (GDV) or 80–90% of total costs (with mezzanine). Senior debt alone usually covers 60–65% of total project costs. We arrange facilities from £250k to £100m+.

What interest rates can I expect?

Senior development finance rates typically range from 0.65% to 1.25% per month, depending on the lender, your experience, scheme size, and risk profile. Mezzanine is more expensive — typically 12–18% per annum.

Do I need to make monthly interest payments?

Usually not. Most development finance interest is "rolled up" — it accrues during the loan term and is repaid along with the capital when you sell or refinance. Some lenders offer the option to service interest monthly, which reduces total cost.

Can first-time developers get development finance?

Yes. Many lenders specifically cater for first-time developers, though they may require a stronger professional team, more equity, and a simpler project. We have extensive experience funding first-time developer projects — see our First-Time Developer Hub.

What deposit or equity do I need?

Typically 25–40% of total project costs as equity. This can be cash, land equity (if you already own the site), or a combination. With mezzanine finance, your equity requirement can be reduced to as little as 10–15%.

How long does it take to arrange development finance?

4–8 weeks from initial enquiry to drawdown is typical. Emergency or rescue situations can be faster (2–3 weeks). Complex structures with mezzanine and equity may take 8–12 weeks.

Do I need planning permission before applying?

Ideally yes — most development lenders require granted planning permission. However, we can arrange bridging finance to acquire a site pre-planning, then transition to development finance once planning is confirmed.

What is mezzanine finance?

Mezzanine (or "mezz") is a second-charge loan that sits behind the senior debt, filling the gap between senior lending and your equity. It allows you to borrow more — up to 85–90% of costs — in exchange for a higher interest rate and potentially a profit share.

What is a development appraisal?

A development appraisal is a financial model of your project showing all costs (land, build, fees, finance, sales) and revenues (GDV). It calculates your profit margin and demonstrates viability to lenders. We write the appraisal for you — it's part of our service.

What fees do you charge?

Our standard broker fee is 1–2% of the gross facility amount, payable on completion (when the loan draws down). We don't charge upfront fees, retainers, or application fees. We do the work first and only get paid when you get funded.

What is a monitoring surveyor?

A monitoring surveyor (or "MS") is an independent RICS surveyor appointed by the lender to inspect construction progress before each drawdown is released. They verify that work has been completed to standard and that remaining costs are sufficient to finish the project.

Can I get 100% development finance?

Not quite — but close. With a combination of senior debt, mezzanine, and equity co-investment, we can structure funding covering up to 90–95% of total costs. The remaining 5–10% must come from your own resources.

What is an exit fee?

An exit fee (or redemption fee) is a charge some lenders apply when the loan is repaid — typically 0.5–1.5% of the loan amount. Not all lenders charge exit fees, and we factor this into our cost comparisons.

Do you only work in England?

No. We arrange development finance across England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. Some lenders have geographic restrictions, but our panel covers the entire UK and Crown Dependencies.

What types of development do you fund?

Residential new-build, conversions, refurbishments, commercial development, mixed-use schemes, student accommodation, care homes, build-to-rent, affordable housing — we cover all property development sectors.

Can you help with land acquisition?

Yes. We can arrange bridging finance for land acquisition (with or without planning), development finance for permitted sites, and option/conditional contract funding where exchange is subject to planning.

What is forward funding?

Forward funding is where an institutional investor funds your entire development from day one in exchange for ownership on completion. They pay all construction costs as you build. It's typically used for build-to-rent, student accommodation, and affordable housing schemes.

How do drawdowns work?

After the initial drawdown (usually land acquisition), further funds are released in tranches as construction progresses. You submit a drawdown request, the monitoring surveyor inspects, and funds are released — usually within 5–7 working days.

What if my project overruns?

If your build programme overruns, you may need to extend the loan facility. Extension fees are typically 1–2% plus potentially increased interest. We help you manage this process — and we always advise building contingency time into your programme from the start.

Are you a lender?

No. We are an independent finance broker — Funding Developers Ltd (Co. 09221311). We don't lend our own money. We search the whole market to find the best funding structure for your specific project, from our panel of 110+ specialist lenders.

What is LTGDV?

LTGDV stands for Loan to Gross Development Value — the total loan (including all tranches) as a percentage of the completed development value. Lenders typically cap at 65–70% LTGDV for senior debt.

Do I need a QS report?

For most development finance applications, yes. A QS (quantity surveyor) cost plan gives lenders confidence that your build costs are realistic and comprehensive. For smaller schemes (under £500k build cost), some lenders accept a contractor's fixed-price quote instead.

Can I refinance during construction?

Yes. If your project has de-risked (e.g., planning upgraded, pre-sales achieved, construction advanced), better terms may be available. We can refinance your existing facility mid-build if it makes financial sense.

Bridging Finance

What is a facility agreement?

The facility agreement is the legal contract between you and the lender setting out all terms — loan amount, interest rate, fees, drawdown conditions, covenants, security, and repayment. Your solicitor should review this carefully before you sign.

What is bridging finance?

Bridging finance is a short-term secured loan — typically 1 to 24 months — used to "bridge" a gap in funding. Property developers commonly use bridges for site acquisition before planning is granted, chain breaks, auction purchases, and short-term capital needs. Rates are typically 0.55–1.0% per month.

Can I use a bridge to buy a development site?

Yes — this is one of the most common uses. You bridge the site purchase, apply for or wait for planning permission, then refinance into a development facility once planning is granted. We arrange the bridge and the subsequent development finance as one coordinated strategy.

What is the difference between bridging and development finance?

Bridging finance is a single lump-sum advance against existing property value. Development finance is drawn in stages as construction progresses and is sized against the Gross Development Value (GDV). Bridges are faster (days to weeks), dev finance takes longer (weeks to months). Different lenders, different criteria, different structures.

Do you arrange bridging finance as well?

Yes. We operate bridging.fund — our specialist bridging finance brokerage — alongside developing.fund. Whether you need a bridge for site acquisition, a development facility for construction, or both in sequence, we handle the full journey.

Can I bridge an auction purchase?

Yes. Auction purchases typically require completion within 28 days. We can arrange bridging finance within this timeframe — sometimes as quickly as 7–10 days for straightforward cases. The bridge is then refinanced into a development facility if the site has development potential.

Costs, Planning & Technical

What is regulated vs unregulated bridging?

Regulated bridging applies when the borrower (or a close family member) will live in the property. Unregulated bridging applies to commercial, investment, and development purposes. All development-related bridging we arrange is unregulated — it is commercial property finance, not consumer lending.

What is profit on cost and profit on GDV?

Profit on cost is your net profit divided by total development costs — lenders typically require a minimum of 20% for senior debt. Profit on GDV is your net profit divided by the Gross Development Value — typically 15%+ minimum. Both are key viability metrics that determine whether a lender will fund your scheme.

What is LTC (Loan to Cost)?

LTC is the total loan amount expressed as a percentage of total development costs. Senior lenders typically cap at 60–70% LTC. With mezzanine, you can reach 85–90% LTC. The remaining percentage must come from your own equity.

What is SDLT on development land?

Stamp Duty Land Tax applies to development land purchases at standard commercial rates: 0% up to £150k, 2% on £150k–£250k, and 5% above £250k. For mixed-use sites and some residential land, different rates may apply. SDLT is a significant cost and is factored into every development appraisal we produce.

What professional team do I need?

At minimum: a solicitor experienced in development finance, an architect or designer, a contractor or builder with verifiable track record, and ideally a quantity surveyor. For larger schemes, you may also need a planning consultant, structural engineer, and project manager. The stronger your team, the better your terms.

What is build cost per square foot?

Build costs vary enormously by location, specification, and build type. As a rough guide: basic residential conversion £80–£120/sqft, standard new-build houses £120–£180/sqft, apartments £140–£200/sqft, high-specification London apartments £200–£350/sqft. Lenders will benchmark your costs against industry data.

Can you fund developments in Scotland?

Yes. Scotland uses a different legal system (Scottish property law, standard securities instead of legal charges, and missives instead of exchange of contracts), but we have lenders experienced in Scottish development funding. We cover the whole UK including Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Crown Dependencies.

What is Section 106?

Section 106 (S106) is a planning obligation requiring developers to contribute to community infrastructure — often affordable housing, education, healthcare, or transport improvements. S106 costs must be factored into your development appraisal. Lenders will scrutinise your S106 obligations carefully as they directly impact viability.

What is CIL?

The Community Infrastructure Levy is a fixed charge per square metre of new development, set by local authorities. Unlike Section 106, CIL rates are non-negotiable. CIL must be paid on commencement of development and is factored into your total project costs. Exemptions exist for affordable housing and self-build.

What is a development exit loan?

A development exit (or "dev exit") loan replaces your development finance facility with a cheaper term loan once construction is substantially complete. It gives you time to sell remaining units at market price rather than being forced into fire sales by an expiring development facility. Rates are typically 50–70% cheaper than development finance.

Do you handle pre-planning enquiries?

Yes. If you have a site in mind but no planning permission, we can advise on the likely funding structure, produce an indicative appraisal, arrange bridging finance for the land purchase, and plan the transition to development finance once planning is granted. We help you model the numbers before you commit.

How to get 100% development finance?

True 100% development finance — every pound of cost funded with no equity from you — is rare and only available on exceptional schemes (proven track record, site at significant discount to market value, strong pre-sales). The realistic route to near-100% is a stacked structure: senior debt at 60–70% LTC, mezzanine on top to reach 85–90% LTC, and the final 5–10% from equity co-investment. We arrange all three layers as a single coordinated structure — see our Mezzanine Finance and Equity Finance pages.

What are two major types of financing?

In commercial property development the two major types are debt finance (senior development loans, mezzanine, bridging — money you borrow and repay with interest) and equity finance (joint ventures, profit-share investors, family offices — money invested in exchange for ownership or returns). Most schemes blend the two: senior debt covers 60–70% of cost, mezzanine fills the gap to 85–90%, and equity covers the rest. We structure across the full debt/equity stack rather than just placing a single loan.

What is an example of a DFI?

A DFI (Development Finance Institution) is typically a government-backed or multilateral lender funding economic development — examples include British International Investment (BII, formerly CDC Group), the European Investment Bank, the IFC at the World Bank, and KfW in Germany. They typically fund infrastructure, healthcare and large-scale schemes in emerging markets. We are not a DFI — we are a specialist UK property development finance broker arranging facilities from £250k to £100m+ across our 110+ lender panel for private developers, family offices and PLCs.

What is the 40% loan scheme?

The "40%" reference is usually to the Help to Buy: London Equity Loan, where the government lent up to 40% of a residential purchase price (vs 20% in the rest of England). That scheme closed to new applicants in October 2022. It is a residential consumer scheme — not relevant to commercial property development finance, which uses entirely different products: senior debt, mezzanine, equity and forward funding. If you are looking to fund a development project rather than buy a home to live in, see our Finance section.

What is the 28/36 rule in the UK?

The 28/36 rule is a US personal-finance heuristic — spend no more than 28% of gross income on housing and 36% on total debt — used by US lenders to underwrite residential mortgages. It does not apply to UK commercial property development finance, which is underwritten on project-level metrics: LTGDV (Loan to Gross Development Value), LTC (Loan to Cost), profit-on-cost, profit-on-GDV, and lender-specific covenants on pre-sales, contingency and developer experience. The borrower's personal income is generally not a primary criterion for commercial dev finance.

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